Science & Nature

Why Leaves Change Colour

An explanation of the science behind the beautiful colours of autumn leaves.

B17 min

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1Every autumn, the green leaves on the trees change into beautiful colours.

2During summer, leaves are green because of a substance called chlorophyll.

3Chlorophyll helps the tree make food from sunlight, water and air.

4When autumn comes, the days get shorter and the nights grow colder.

5The tree slowly stops making chlorophyll and starts to rest for winter.

6Without the green colour, other hidden colours finally begin to show.

7Yellows and oranges were inside the leaf all the time.

8Some trees also make red pigments during the cool autumn weeks.

9Eventually the leaves dry out, fall down and cover the ground.

10The fallen leaves then feed the soil and help new plants grow.

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